Abstract:

Objective To investigate the pathogens carried by flies at Tibetan ports, and to provide a technical support for the health quarantine and law enforcement at ports. Methods From May to October, 2017, pathogen detection was performed for flies collected at Lhasa Gonggar International Airport, Jilong port, and Yadong port. Bacterial detection was performed for fly samples using the microbiological isolation and pure culture technology, 16S rRNA gene sequence identification, and physiological and biochemical identification techniques, and RT-PCR was used to detect the virus carried by flies. Results A total of 37 pathogenic bacteria (conditioned pathogens) were isolated from flies, including Enterococcus faecalis, Hafnia alvei, Moellerella wisconsensis, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Enterococcus durans. Virus detection found one case of rotavirus (group A), resulting in a detection rate of 2.0% (1/50). Conclusion Flies carry a large number of bacteria, and some of them may also carry enterovirus, which may lead to the risk of disease spread at frontier ports. Health quarantine departments should strengthen the monitoring and detection of flies at frontier ports to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Key words: Port, Fly, Pathogen, 16S rRNA, Bacteria, Virus

摘要：

目的 了解西藏口岸蝇类携带病原体情况，为口岸卫生检疫执法工作提供技术支持。方法 对2017年5-10月在西藏自治区拉萨贡嘎国际机场口岸、吉隆口岸、亚东口岸采集到的蝇类进行病原体检测，利用微生物分离纯培养技术及细菌16S rRNA基因序列鉴定和生理生化鉴定技术对蝇类样本进行细菌学检测，利用RT-PCR技术检测蝇类携带病毒情况。结果 从蝇类样本中分离出粪肠球菌、蜂房哈夫尼亚菌、威斯康星米勒菌、大肠埃希菌、普通变形杆菌、耐久肠球菌等37种致病菌（条件致病菌）。病毒检测检出1例轮状病毒（A型）阳性，检出率为2.0%（1/50）。结论 蝇类携带大量细菌，有些还携带肠道病毒，可导致疾病在国境口岸传播的风险，卫生检疫机构应加强对国境口岸蝇类检测，防止传染病扩散。

关键词: 口岸, 蝇类, 病原体, 16S rRNA, 细菌, 病毒