Abstract:

Objective To assess the risk of vector-borne diseases in Tianjin, China by risk recognition and assessment methods and to prevent the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases. Methods The risk of vector-borne diseases was graded by comprehensively analyzing the probability and consequence of risk events. Results In Tianjin, the density of rodents decreased year by year from 2008 to 2012 (0.64%-0.19%); the captured rodents had a negative indirect hemagglutination test for plague F1 antibody; hantavirus was detected in 0.85% of rodents in 2011 but not in 2012. The mean densities of mosquitoes were 14.11, 15.04, 16.64, 18.82, and 11.09 mosquitoes/lamp·h; no pathogens were detected in mosquitoes in recent years. In Tianjin, the prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, and Japanese encephalitis, and rodent-borne diseases, such as plague and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, were at low risk. Conclusion Certain risk of vector-borne diseases does exist in Tianjin. In order to prevent and control the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases, it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of vector density and pathogens carried by main vectors, enhance the knowledge among residents, and make good preparation for the potential introduction and disposal of vector-borne pathogens.

Key words: Vector, Disease, Risk assessment

摘要：

目的 应用风险识别与评估方法，评估天津市病媒生物传播疾病发生的风险，避免媒介生物性传染病的发生或流行。方法 通过综合分析风险性事件发生的概率和事件发生后造成的后果，对风险进行分级。结果 2008－2012年天津市蚊和鼠密度监测结果显示，鼠密度呈逐年下降（0.64%～0.19%），捕获鼠鼠疫F1抗体间接血凝试验检测均为阴性，检测肾综合征出血热（HFRS）病毒2011年为0.85%，2012年为阴性；蚊密度年平均密度分别为14.11、15.04、16.64、18.82和11.09只/（灯·h），近年来蚊虫携带病原微生物检测均为阴性。天津市蚊媒传播的主要疾病疟疾、登革热、流行性乙型脑炎及鼠类传播的疾病鼠疫、HFRS的发生流行尚属低风险级别。结论 天津市存在发生媒介生物性传染病的风险，日常应加强媒介生物密度及主要媒介病原生物携带的监测，对居民加强相关知识的宣传，适量储备相关药械，以预防和控制传染病发生与流行。

关键词: 病媒生物, 疾病, 风险评估