Objective To study the survival and reproduction of mountain,water network and lake endemic areas and density Oncomelania in water network region, and to investigate the possibility of Oncomelania which come from mountain and lake endemic areas imported to water network areas, provided scientific basics for the prevention and control of imported Oncomelania snails. Methods The experimental field was located in a water network endemic area at Xiuzhou district of Jiaxing city, Zhejiang province. The experimental field was divided into three group and located in Xiuzhou district of Jiaxing city. The snails were collected from Jinhua city of Zhejiang province(mountain endemic area), Xiuzhou district of Zhejiang province(water network endemic area)and Guichi of Anhui province(lake endemic area)which were divided into 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 40 snails each cage in low density groups, and 80, 100, 150, 200, 400, 800 snails each cage in high density groups. The snails were paired with female and male in low density groups and random grouped in high density groups. The reproduction situation was observed one year later. Results The survival rates of Oncomelania snails from mountain, water network and lake endemic areas were 17.45%, 4.95%, and 7.47%, and were 48.33%, 35.56%, and 34.44% in low density groups and were 15.84%, 3.35%, and 6.07% in high density groups,respectively. The reproduction rates of Oncomelania snails from mountain, water network and lake endemic areas were 1.99, 3.10, and 1.95, and were 14.48, 24.81, and 11.42 in low density groups and were 1.34, 1.97, and 1.46 in high density groups, respectively. The differences of survival and reproduction rates of Oncomelania snails between low and high density groups in different endemic areas were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The Oncomelania snails coming from different endemic areas could survive and reproduce in the water network regions,and there were negative correlation between survival and reproduction rates and snails density.