This paper studies the growth and development of Norway rat from birth to 100 days of age. Observations were made on its behaviour and sexual development. According to the analysis and calculation, the relationship between the body weight of Norway rat and the time was rectilinear positive interrelation, and the rectilinear formula was W=6.855+1.135t(r =0.9930 t _0.01); the relationship between the length of body and the days of age was index interrelation,the index formula was:L=44.12+112.7725e ^-11.1153/t,the relationship between the length of tail, hind foot, ear and their days of age were index interrelation,the index formula were:M=14.92+111.0189e ^-13.0586/t,F=8.39+28.6915e ^-10.5778/t,E=1.58+16.5813e ^-8.8681/t. As the age increased,the relative fatness (Kwl) value of Norway rat was raised. The relative fatness value was higher in autumn than in winter in the field.

Population dynamics of Phodopus roborovskii was investigated on ordos sandland by rectilinear trapping method in the middle ten days of April to October during 1991-1996. A total efforts of 124 245 trapping days was made and 7 498 rodents were captured in which 2 411 specimens were Phodopus roborovskii. Seasonal fluctuations of its population numbers were significant and existed significant difference among years. In general,there was only one peak and one valley which occurred in July and in May respectively in a year. The population dynamics among years has undergone a complete cyclical fluctuations consisting of 4 phases. The 4 phases were valley,increase,peak and decrease which occurred in 1991-1992,1992-1993,1993 and 1994 respectively. Another period started again from 1995,which was the valley phase. Prediction models were established with the index of capture rate for short-term models,reproduction index for middle-and long-term models.

The paper reports the structure of rodent communities, and its seasonal variations in 3 different ecological habitats of Dongling Mountain in Beijing.Trap night method was used, and the rodents were captured each month from June,1998 to May,1999. The results are as follows. 1. In the shrubs habitat,it was Apodemus agrarius + Clethrionomys rufocanus + Apodemus peninsulae community. In the forest habitat, Apodemus peninsulae + Clethrionomys rufocanus + Apodemus agrarius community. In farmland habitat, Apodemus agrarius + Mus musculus + Cricetulus triton community. 2.The indices of biological diversity were different in different habitat and the highest was found in the shrubs habitat. 3. The index of rodent communities similarity between shrub and forest habitats was the highest.

The background survey on population and growth-decline of murine-like animals and their external parasites in Zhanjiang seaport was investigated.The common method was used in this paper.The results show that there were 8 species of murine-like animal(4 genera,2 families and 2 Orders).Three main kinds of external parasite were:3 species of flea(3 genara and 3 families),4 species of Gamasid mite(3 Genera and 2 family)and 9 species of chigger(6 genera and 1 family).The yearly percentage of animals infected with flea,Gamasid mite and chigger was 33.2%, 55.3% and 45.0%,respectively. The severest animals infected with flea,Gamaxsid mite and chigger were R.flavipectus, R.losea and B.indica nemorivaga correspondingly.The corresponding yearly indexes of animals infected with flea,Gamasid mite and chigger were 0.8,4.8 and 32.9.The animals with high infection indexes infected with respectively parasites mentioned above were R.norvegicus and R.losea and B.indica nemorivaga.The corresponding months of high and low infection rate in flea,Gamasid mite and chigger were in April and August,November and June,July,July and December.The corresponding months of high and low infection index were in April and August,August and March,July and December.The conclusions were that the possession of conditions of plague focus and a possibility of existing natural focus of tsutsugamushi disease.

The rodent control strategy at giganic railway passenger station was studied in this paper.It was found that the rodent at Shanghai railway passenger station mainly came from the passenger trains and the adjacent areas. Of the captive rodents from the platforms, 65.1% was Rattus norvegicus, however, from the joint places, 54.7% Rattus flavipectus. The study also showed: the rodent density could be controlled effectively after the indoor rodent-proof facilities have been finished, the rodent-killing sites have been established and the rodent-killing materials have been put in the rooms (include the rooms around) in time where the rodent has been found.

The author researches how atmospheric temperature and rainfall infect density of mosquito in the corresponding period. The results are as following:the relation between mean atmospheric temperature and density of mosquito was positively correlated. So was the relation between rainfall and density of mosquito. The coefficients of correlation were 0.7750 and 0.4089. The standard partial regression coefficients were 0.7168 and 0.2158. The results illustrate that atmospheric temperature and rainfall both influence the density of mosquito in the corresponding period. The effect that atmospheric temperature influences the density of mosquito in the corresponding period was stronger than that of rainfall.

species of plants were collected mainly in Hebei province for selection of botanical insecticides. These plants were air-dried and ground, then extracted by acetone in a ratio of acetone/plant powder=6/1. In the tests of soaking 3-4 instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens with 30-fold diluents of the plant extractions, 44 species of plants caused at least 50% mortality of the larvae. Treated with 100-fold diluents, 7 plants extractions caused more than 95% mortality of the larvae, and 2 of those, Memtha haplocalyx and Artemisia capillaris caused 100% mortality. In conclusion, some plants, such as Tribulus terresteis, Memtha haplocalyx, Artemisia capillaris, Eupatorium fortunei, Datura stramouium and Humulus scamdens, have value of development.

Objective: To explore the development trend of resistance of Cx. pipiens pallens against commonly used insecticides. Methods: Diagnostic method and WHO bioassay were used to test Cx.pipiens pallens larvae from Jining. Results:Cx.pipiens pallens revealed strong resistance towards DDVP and deltamethrin, with resistant index being 8.30-20.63 and 13.09 - 44.21 respectively. The resistant index of DDT, malathion and permethrin was 1.11 - 11.53 , 1.76 - 6.16 , 3.04 - 5.40 respectively. Conclusion: Cx.pipiens pallens produced resistance at various level to commonly used insecticides. Scientific and rational use of insecticides was recommended.

Five field-collected strains of German cockroach, Blattella germanica, were tested for resistance to 4 different insecticides by the time-mortality-res ponse of single rate, continuous-expoure methods in comparison with a known susceptible strain in Guangdong province. The results showed that five field-collected strains were susceptible or low resistance to chlorpyrifos and propoxur, tow field-collected strains were high resistance to cypermethrin and deltamethrin. The result indicated that cockroach control by chemical method should selected the suitable insecticide.

The author has made an investigation on the density of cockroach in the hospital with a method of using 0.3% chlorachrysanthenol to stimulate the roaches within forty three departments in this hospital in order to find out the number of the bug and better way of killing.525 bugs were found within 250 rooms, averagely 2.1 roaches in each room. It was decreased to 0.19 per room with a reducing rate of 90.52% after the integrated prevention by the combination of surrounding management and chemical pesticide application.

Based on the investigation of Practical effect of available insecticides used for sanitary treatment of containers,the effect of a combination of two insecticides was observed to see whowed that when Sulfury fluoride, Methy1 bromide and Chong-Jun-Wei were applied separately at routine concentration,their killing rates were<25% for Escherichia coli, <30.13% for Culex pipiens pallens in 24 hours; and <55.20% for Culex pipiens pallens when the dosage was doubled; and it was only 39.17% and <43.33% respectively for Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana.However,when Sulfury fluride, Methy1 bromide and Chong-Jun-Wei were used in two drug combination separately, their insecticidal effect could be raised obviously.The best combinations were Sulfury fluoride with Ethylene oxide,and Methy1 bromide with Ethylene oxide,which have good killing effect against insects and rats. This is the first report on Sulfury fluoride and Ethylene oxide combination.

The efficacy tests of Fendona Sc 10 were made against three public health insects in laboratory. The long-lasting efficacy with different applied quantities on three kinds of surfaces was 12 weeks for housefly and mosquito, while 8-12 weeks for cockroach. On the glass surface of all the three,the application quantity was the least,the efficacy was the best.Among the three kinds of insects,the best efficacy was obtained against the housefly.

Based on the principle of Probit Analysis, we will discuss the calculating method using Excel for two ordinary data statistics, LC ₅₀ and KT ₅₀, widely used in the toxicological test of insecticides using Microsoft Excel.The code will print out the analysis report after the user input the drug concentration, the time period and the number of dead insects. It can screen sample data, thus greatly reduces calculation errors, with a precision upto 10 ^-7.

In 1993, two strains of virus (HB49、HB97) were isolated from two Rousettus leschenauli sera captured in Hekou county, Yunnan province. Cross-HI、IFAT showed that HB49、HB97 could cross react with JE poly Ab、JE MAb. The isolates were 45 nm and in the brain tissue of the infected mice under the electron microscope. The brain tissues of the infected mice showed the pathological changes. TCID ₅₀ of HB49 and HB97 were 5.33、4.50 respectively. LD ₅₀ of HB49、HB97 were 3.5、3.67 respectively. HB49 and HB97 agglutinated RBC of dove at pH 5.75-6.8.

In orde to understand the situation of rodents naturally infected with Schistosoma japonicum,according to the routine method, we have made examination. The total infection rate of rodents was 1.73%(31/1 790),naturally infected rodents included R.flavipectus,R.norvegicus,R.sladeni and E.miletus miletus;The infection rates were respectively 2.8%, 0.62%, 2.94% and 24.14%. The infection rate of four kinds of rodents in residential area was 2.10%, farming area 3.85%, orchard 2.56%. There was no significant difference among them, the infection rates between the female and the male had no significant difference, but they showed certain difference in age group. In each group,the infection rate was the highest in the adult group and the old group;EPG and EPD of E.miletus miletus was the most highest;this was related to its biological characteristics.The distribution of the infected rodents was closely related to the positive snail's existence and its infection rate's high or low. These results indicate that the four kinds of rodents belong to S.japonicum's preservation parasite's host in Eryuan epidemic area, and they are one of the infection socurces in transmitting Schistosomiasis. According to our simultaneously investigation and analysis on human and domestic animals infected S.japonicum, we can make conclusion that the four kinds of rodents in transmittng S.japonicum have played certain role,especially in mountain area with E.m.miletus,but they belong to secondary role.

Objective: Evaluation on incidence control of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in people received Hantaan virus vaccine. Methods:Decision tree was analyzed and computed incidence control of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in people received Hantaan virus vaccine when vaccine cover rates were different between the low income and high income people.Results: The low income people were in high risk of HFRS and these received the low vaccine cover rate of Hantaan virus vaccine could decrease incidence control of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the epidemic stricken area.Conclusion: Incidence control of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome was effective and economic when the vaccine cover rate of people could be 80% at least, and more increasing the vaccine cover rate in the low income people.

This paper describes three new species of the Muscidae from the western region of Sichuan province during the years 1979-1999,i.e. Myospila changzhenga sp.nov., Helina shuensis sp.nov., Helina platycephala sp.nov..The type specimens are kept in the Medical Entomological Specimen Building,Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing,China. 1 Myospila changzhenga sp.nov.(Figs.1-8) This new species is similar to myospila fuscicoxa (Li,1980) from Sichuan Prov.,China, but differs from the latter in following features:♂: ia 0+1; frons about equal or smaller the width of 3rd antennal segment; gena about one-eighth to one-tenth times of the eye height; palpi dark-brown. ♀:frons about 0.3039 - 0.3137 times the head-width at middle part;6th sternite with a pair hairs on apical part;8th tergite not that formed in “L”,but that is a semicircle. Holotype ♂,Anshunchang,Shimian County on the side of Dadu River (890m,29°17′ N,102°16′ E),Sichuan,China,26 Oct.1987,collected by Feng Yan; paratypes 2♂♂, Yongfu,Baoxing County (1 500m,30°33′N,102°39′E),9 Aug.1984,by Yang Shibin; 1♂,Lionlu,Tianqian County (1 500m 29°28′N,102°21′E),24 Aug.1986,by Shiping;18♂♂,3♀♀,Mt.Laoban,Yaan City (800m,29°59′N,102°57′E),1980-1993 have been collected from varies dates,same collector as holotype. 2 Helina shuensis sp.nov.(Figs.9-12) ♂: This new species is similar to Helina pleuranthus Wu, Fang et Fan,1988 from shaanxi Prov.China, but differs from the latter in following features:frons about as width as deameter of front ocellus; hind tibia with 2 rows of pv setae; cerci in male inner-lateral procisses on apical-margin long and slender in posterior view; male surstyli post-carve on apical part in lateral view. ♀: Unknown. Holotype ♂,Mt.Erlang, Forest Farm (2 648m, 29°53′N,102°10′E),Sichuan Prov. 20 Aug.1984,collected by Feng Yan;paratype 1 ♂,same locality and data as holotype,by Yang Shibin. 3 Helina platycephala sp.nov. (Figs.13-17) ♂: This new species is similar to Helina fica Xue,1985 from Liaoning Prov.China, but differs from the latter in following features: Scutum at submiddle part with a pair vittae which not reach to scutellar sulcus; hind tibia with 2-3 row of pv setae; abdomen without formless spots; male surstyli as the semimoon in lateral view. ♀: Unknown. Holotype ♂,Mt. Erlang, Forest Farm (2 648m, 29°53′N,102°10′E) Sichuan Prov., 24 May 1984,collected by Feng Yan; paratype 1♂,Mt. Erlang Yakou (3 100m, 29°53′N,102°10 E), 21 Aug. 1984, by Yang Shibin.