Abstract:

Objective To analyze larval Aedes density of 23 surveillance provinces in China from 2015 to 2017, and to provide scientific evidence for the risk assessment, early-warning, and control of Aedes-borne diseases. Methods Aedes larvae density data were collected from surveillance provinces of the dengue fever central government transfer payments project between 2015 and 2017, and were analyzed in different years and regions by SPSS 20.0 and Excel 2007 softwares. Results During the study period(2015-2017), the Breteau index(BI) in Hainan throughout the years, Zhejiang and Fujian during April to November, Guangxi during April to September, and Yunnan during June to October, were higher than 5, the Dengue virus transmission threshold, and reached dengue transmission risk level. The Mosq-ovitrap index(MOI) in Guangxi during April to October and Guangdong during March to November, were higher than 5, and showed the same trend as BI surveillance. The BI in Chongqing, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, and Sichuan during most of surveillance months from May to October were higher than 5; Furthermore, BI in Henan and Hubei in most surveillance months were higher than 10, and reached dengue outbreak level. BI in Shanghai and Hunan during most surveillance months from May to September were higher than 5. BI in Hebei during June to September 2016 to 2017, and that in Shandong during July to September 2017 were higher than 5. BI during June to September 2016 and in May 2017 in Shaanxi were all greater than 5. Conclusion The dengue transmission risk varies in different provinces temporally. Overall, the category 1 provinces in southern parts of China including Guangdong, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, and Zhejiang have relatively high risk than other provinces. It is suggested that Aedes surveillance, risk assessment, early-warning, prevention and control should be strengthened in key provinces especially in south China for fostering the prevention and control of Aedes-borne diseases in the future.

Key words: Aedes, Larvae, Surveillance, Risk assessment

摘要：

目的 分析2015-2017年我国23个省（自治区、直辖市）媒介伊蚊幼蚊密度，为媒介伊蚊传播疾病的风险评估、预警和防控提供依据。方法 收集我国登革热中转支付项目媒介伊蚊监测系统中2015-2017年各地媒介伊蚊幼蚊密度数据，采用SPSS 20.0和Excel 2007软件对不同年份、不同地区媒介伊蚊幼蚊密度进行分析。结果 研究期内（2015-2017年）海南省全年、浙江和福建省4-11月、广西壮族自治区（广西）4-9月以及云南省6-10月的媒介伊蚊幼虫布雷图指数（BI）均>5，达到登革热传播风险。广西4-10月和广东省3-11月的诱蚊诱卵器指数（MOI）>5，与BI监测结果呈现相对一致的趋势。重庆、安徽、江西、河南、湖北和四川省（直辖市）的大多数监测月份伊蚊幼蚊BI>5，且河南和湖北省大多数监测月份BI>10，达到媒介伊蚊传播疾病的暴发水平。上海市和湖南省5-9月间的大多数月份BI>5。2016-2017年，河北省6-9月BI均>5，山东省2017年7-9月BI均>5，陕西省2016年6-9月及2017年5月BI均>5。结论 我国媒介伊蚊分布省（自治区、直辖市）不同月份的传播风险不同，总体来看，南方Ⅰ类省份[包括广东、云南、广西、海南、福建和浙江6个省（自治区）]传播风险相对较高。建议各地应持续加强媒介伊蚊的监测、风险评估、预警和控制工作，特别是南方重点省份，为我国媒介伊蚊传播疾病的科学防控提供依据。

关键词: 伊蚊, 幼蚊, 监测, 风险评估